Result and Discussion
Morphology in Linguistics deals with the structure and content of word forms. Syntax on the other hand is the study of the principles and rules for constructing sentences in natural language. This section will try to find out the structure and word formation of three languages namely: Filipino, Boholano, and Mandaya dialects.
Table 1 PART OF SPEECH
Table 1 shows the same parts of speech in English and Filipino languages, they have 8 parts of speech cited above. Mandaya and Boholano also have its parts of speech and may be called in the same way with the English and Filipino language but do have an equal counterpart in their term.
Table 2 PRONOUNS OF FILIPINO, BOHOLANO AND MANDAYA LANGUAGE
Pronouns- A language without pronouns would seem awkward and repetitious. Pronouns like the nouns that they represent, can be singular or plural also in number.
Table 2 contains the pronouns used by the three languages. We see that the pronouns present in the Filipino language have its counterpart in the Boholano and Mandaya language.
Table 3 SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB IN FILIPINO
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Table 4 SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB IN MANDAYA
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Table 5 SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB IN BOHOLANO
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This figure illustrates the simple verbs of the three languages. In Filipino, the affixes, and suffixes are very important in distinguishing the tenses the verb. Boholano languages on the other hand uses panlapi such as gi, na, ni, nag ma gang mu, and the repetition of words which occur at the end or at the beginning of the word. Mandaya as well uses affixes and suffixes to distinguish the tense of t he verb. Yaga and maga are used to change the tense of the verb.
Fig. 1. Basis Sentence Pattern of Filipino Dialect
1. Ang pusa ay tumalon.
S V
2. Tumatalon ang pusa
V S
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Fig. 2 Basic Sentence Pattern of Boholano Dialect
1. Ang iring milukso
S V
2. Milukso ang iring
V S
Fig. 3 Basic Sentence Pattern of Mandaya Dialect
1. Yang kuding yatugpa.
S V
Table 6 SIMPLE SENTENCES IN ENGLISH, FILIPINO AND MANDAYA LANGUAGE
As shown in table 6, there are differences in sentence structure in the three languages. Filipino and Mandaya follow the same syntactic structure which is verb-subject-object structure. The English follows the subject-Verb-Object pattern.